We study a heretofore unexamined type of product differentiation, horizontally differentiated products with differential costs, and apply Eyebrow the analysis to retail pricing of fluid milk products.The theoretical models yield unique predictions for the relationship among prices of the four horizontally differentiated fluid milk products (skim, 1

With the rapid development of AI techniques, Computer-aided Diagnosis has attracted much attention and has been successfully deployed in many applications of health care and medical diagnosis.For some specific tasks, the learning-based system can compare with or even outperform human experts’ performance.The impressive performance owes to th

Ecosystems like coral reefs mitigate rising coastal flood risks, but investments into their conservation remain low relative to the investments into engineered risk-mitigation structures.One reason is that quantifying the risk-reduction benefits of coral reefs requires an estimate of their fragility to severe stresses.Engineered structures typicall

The density of herbaceous crops creates a suitable environment to produce pathogens in the soil that intensify the attack of pathogens traditionally controlled by disinfectant, which are mostly prohibited and unlisted because of their toxicity.Grafting is an alternative technique to enhance abiotic stress tolerance and reduce root diseases due to s